Worm Gear is a specialized mechanical arrangement used to transmit motion and power between two non-parallel, non-intersecting shafts, typically oriented at a 90-degree angle.
Key Features
§ 90-Degree Power Transmission:
They transmit power between non-parallel, non-intersecting shafts, typically oriented at a right angle.
§ High Gear Reduction in a Single Stage:
Unlike other gears, a worm gear can achieve massive reduction ratios—from 20:1 up to 300:1—in just one stage.
§ Hard-Soft Material Pairing:
To manage high sliding friction, they typically pair a hardened steel worm with a sacrificial bronze or brass wheel. This protects the more expensive worm from wear.
§ Single-Throated:
The wheel partially wraps around the worm to increase contact.
§ Double-Throated (Double-Enveloping):
Both components are curved to maximize contact area, offering the highest load capacity.
Advantages
§ Self-Locking Safety:
Many worm gears (particularly single-start designs with small lead angles) cannot be "back-driven." This means the load can be held in place without an external brake, making them ideal for elevators, hoists, and cranes.
§ Compact Power Density:
They deliver high torque and significant speed reduction within a very small physical footprint compared to multi-stage spur or helical gearsets.
§ Quiet and Smooth Operation:
The sliding engagement mechanism is naturally quieter than the impact contact of straight-cut gears, which is beneficial for medical devices and public spaces.
§ Shock Load Resistance:
The softer material of the worm wheel allows it to absorb sudden impacts and vibrations, protecting the rest of the machinery in heavy-duty sectors like mining and construction.
§ Unidirectional Motion:
Their design inherently prevents reverse movement, acting as a secondary fail-safe for automated gates and conveyor systems.
Brands
§ Elecon | IC Bauer | Shanti | Santram
Common Applications
§ Automotive Industries | Industrial Machinery | Renewable Energy & Aerospace | Robotics & Automations | Home Appliances